مشکلات مهاجرت روستایی به شهر و فقر شهروندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

مشارکت مهاجرت به شهرنشینی و رشد جمعیت شهری مهاجرت داخلی و مهاجرت خالص به مناطق شهری به طور خاص، شهرنشینی جمعیت یک کشور را در بر می گیرد. به طور کلی رشد سریع جمعیت اغلب با شهرنشینی سریع همپوشانی دارد، به همین دلیل رشد جمعیت شهری به خصوص سرعت می گیرد. مهاجرت روستایی همچنان منافع زیادی را جذب می کند، اما نگرانی های روزافزون نیز افزایش می یابد. مهاجران اغلب برای افزایش فقر در شهر مقصر هستند، اما همه مهاجران فقیر نیستند. با این حال، در بسیاری از شهرها، مهاجران بخش بزرگی از فقیر شهری را تشکیل می دهند که با آنها درآمد و معایب غیر درآمد را شامل می شود، از جمله مشکلات در یافتن مسکن مناسب و دسترسی به خدمات. اکثر فقیران شهری، ساعات طولانی را در کارهای کم هزینه، ناامن و ناامن کار می کنند و در معرض طیف وسیعی از خطرات زیست محیطی قرار دارند، زیرا بیشتر ساکنین کم درآمد و غیر رسمی فاقد زیرساخت های اساسی هستند. در بسیاری از موارد، هنگامی که دولتهای شهری سعی در کاهش یا کنترل مهاجرت روستایی-شهری دارند، این امر همچنین بر ساکنان کم درآمد و نه فقط مهاجران تاثیر می گذارد.این مسئله را مطرح می کند که آیا سیاست هایی که مهاجران را در مراکز شهری هدف قرار می دهد مطلوب و امکان پذیر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Problems of rural migration to the city and the impoverishment of the townspeople

نویسنده [English]

  • Hasanali Toranj
Tabriz University
چکیده [English]

The contribution of migration to urbanisation and urban population growth Internal migration, and net migration to urban areas in particular, drives the urbanisation of a country’s population. Rapid overall population growth often overlaps with rapid urbanisation, creating especially fast urban population growth. Rural-urban migration continues to attract much interest, but also growing concern. Migrants are often blamed for increasing urban poverty, but not all migrants are poor. In many cities, however, migrants form a large proportion of the urban poor with whom they share income and non-income disadvantages, including difficulties in finding adequate housing and in accessing services. Like the majority of the urban poor, they work long hours in low-paid, insecure and unsafe jobs and are exposed to a wide range of environmental hazards because most low-income and informal settlements lack basic infrastructure. In many cases when urban governments try to reduce or control rural–urban migration, this also affects low-income residents and not just migrants.This raises the question of whether policies that specifically target migrants in urban centres are desirable and possible.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rural
  • urban
  • migration
  • urban poverty
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