The increasing trend of population and migration from the village to the city has caused the physical development of many cities, including the city of Ilam. Considering that the city of Ilam has many limitations in terms of geomorphology, in this research, the physical development process of this city has been investigated in recent years, as well as the role of geomorphological factors in the physical development of this city. In this research, SRTM 30 meters high digital model, Landsat satellite images and digital information layers are used as research data. The most important research tools are ArcGIS, ENVI and IDRISI, which use ArcGIS software to prepare the desired maps, ENVI software to prepare land use maps, and IDRISI software to analyze land use changes. The land has been used. This research has been done in 3 stages, in the first stage, the geomorphology of the region has been studied. In the second stage, land use maps of the region have been prepared, and in the third stage, the development process of residential areas and the role of geomorphological factors have been analyzed. Based on the results, the residential areas of the study area in 1992 were 7.3 square kilometers, which increased to 10.6, 17.7, and 20.7 square kilometers in 2002, 2012, and 2022, respectively. Is. Based on this, the urban area and the urban periphery of Ilam have faced up to 13.4 square kilometers of physical development during the years 1992 to 2022. The investigation of the development directions of Ilam city shows that the highest level of development has been related to the western and northwestern regions of this city, because the city of Ilam leads to the mountainous unit from the north, northeast, east and southeast, and this Unit has prevented the development of this city.