Todeshk, in the east of Isfahan province, is a city with a historical background and a combination of natural and cultural geographical features that have given it a special identity. The location of this city on the historical Isfahan-Yazd route, the presence of a semi-arid climate, and the qanat are among the most important elements of its natural geography. Also, mosques, cisterns, coffee houses, etc., which constitute an important part of its cultural geography. The main issue of the present study is to examine the relationship between these natural and cultural factors and their role in the formation and continuation of the spatial identity of Todeshk. The purpose of this study is to explain this link in order to provide solutions for the protection of cultural heritage and the sustainable exploitation of the city's natural capacities. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection through field interviews with residents and local experts, and library studies have been used as a supplementary source. The findings show that the geographical location and specific climate of the region have paved the way for the formation of sustainable settlements, and at the same time, historical monuments, architectural texture, and indigenous rituals have established the city's cultural identity.