1. Abdullah, L., & Najib, L. (2014). A new preference scale of intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in multi-criteria decision-making problems. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 26(2), 1039–1049. https://doi.org/10.3233/IFS-130790
2. Aghajani, M., & Farhadifard, S. (2015). Religious tourism and factors affecting it: A case study of Iran. The Macro and Strategic Policies Quarterly, 3(9), 43–66. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.29252/pmsp.3.9.43
3. Alipour, Y., Maleki, M. H., & Fathi, M. R. (2017). Determining and prioritizing religious tourism strategies in Qom Province. Geographic Space Quarterly, 6(22), 87–108. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.30488/gps.2017.38138
4. Alodadi, A., & Benhin, J. (2015). Religious tourism and economic growth in oil-rich countries: Evidence from Saudi Arabia. Tourism Analysis, 20, 645–651. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354215X14464835790209
5. Alvarado-Sizzo, I., Frejomil, E. P., & Crispin, A. S. (2017). Religious tourism in southern Mexico: Regional scopes of the festival of the Immaculate Conception. Geoforum, 83, 14–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2017.04.017
6. Amiri Aghdaie, S. F., Rezaei Dolatabadi, H., Ansari, A., & et al. (2016). The mediating role of satisfaction in the impact of destination image on religious tourism development. Business Administration Prospects, 27, 107–124. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22054/jbmp.2016.7410
7. Atanassov, K. (1986). Intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 20, 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0114(86)80034-3
8. Aziri, B., & Nedelea, A. (2013). Business Strategy in tourism. ECOFORUM, 1(2), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.51865/EFS.2013.01.01
9. Baum, T. (2007). Human resources in tourism: Still waiting for change. Tourism Management, 28(6), 1383–1399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.04.002
10. Baum, T. (2016). Human resource issues in international tourism. Elsevier. [DOI (کتاب)]
11. Baum, T., & Kokkranikal, J. J. (2003). Human resource Development for Competitiveness and Sustainability: A case Study of Indian Tourism. In S. Kusluvan (Ed.), Managing Employee Attitudes and Behaviors in Tourism and Hospitality Industry (pp. 805–832). Nova Science Publishers, Inc. [DOI (فصل کتاب)]
12. Benur, A., & Bramwell, B. (2015). Tourism product development and product diversification in destinations. Tourism Management, 50, 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.12.001
13. Bijami, M., & Ahmad, A. (2019). Challenges in Iran Tourism Industry. Journal of Travel, Tourism and Recreation, 1(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20431/2581-7053.0101001
14. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
15. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2012). Thematic analysis. In H. Cooper, P. M. Camic, D. L. Long, A. T. Panter, D. Rindskopf, & K. J. Sher (Eds.), APA handbook of research methods in psychology, Vol. 2: Research designs: Quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological (pp. 57–71). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/13620-004
16. Budeanu, A. (2005). Impacts and responsibilities for sustainable tourism: A tour operator’s perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.02.020
17. Caballero-Danell, S., & Mugomba, C. (2007). Medical tourism and its entrepreneurial opportunities: A conceptual framework for entry into the industry. (Unpublished Master Thesis). Goteborg University. [DOI (پایاننامه)]
18. Chadha, H., & Onkar, P. (2016). Changing Cities in the Perspective of Religious Tourism – A case of Allahabad. Procedia Technology, 24, 1706–1713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2016.05.155
19. Chantziantoniou, A., & Dionysopoulou, P. (2017). The religious tourism in Greece: Case study of Saint John Russian in N. Evia. Journal of Tourism, Heritage & Services Marketing, 3(2), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.26215/jthsm.v3i2.83
20. Collins-Kreiner, N. (2010). Researching pilgrimage: Continuity and Transformations. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(2), 440–456. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.01.002
21. Conger, J. A. (2010). Developing Leadership Talent: Delivering on the Promise of Structured Programs. In R. Silzer & B. E. Dowell (Eds.), Strategy-Driven Talent Management: A Leadership Imperative (pp. 281–312). John Wiley & Sons. [DOI (فصل کتاب)]
22. Cui, F., Lin, D., & Huang, Y. (2015). The Impact of Perceived Security on Consumer E Loyalty: A Study of Online Tourism Purchasing. Paper presented at the First International Conference on Big Data Computing Service and Applications, Redwood City, CA, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/BigDataService.2015.30
23. De Araujo, L. M., & Bramwell, B. (2002). Partnership and regional tourism in Brazil. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(4), 1138–1164. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00103-X
24. Dehshiri, M. R. (2014). Assessing the factors affecting religious tourism development in Iran. Tourism Planning and Development, 4(12), 72–92. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22080/jtpd.2014.1033
25. Dolnicar, S., & Leisch, F. (2008). Selective marketing for environmentally sustainable tourism. Tourism Management, 29, 672–680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.07.012
26. Durán-Sánchez, A., Álvarez-García, J., del Río-Rama, M., & et al. (2018). Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage: Bibliometric Overview. Religions, 9(249), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel9090249
27. Fabio, C., Gian, C., & Anahita, M. (2016). New Trends of Pilgrimage: Religion and Tourism, Authenticity and Innovation, Development and Intercultural Dialogue: Notes from the Diary of a Pilgrim of Santiago. AIMS Geosciences, 2(2), 152–165. https://doi.org/10.3934/geosci.2016.2.152
28. Farmaki, A. (2012). A supply-side evaluation of coastal tourism diversification: The case of Cyprus. Tourism Planning and Development, 9(2), 183–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/17407903.2012.673891
29. Fatima, U., Naeem, S., & Rasool, F. (2016). The Relationship between Religious Tourism and Individuals’ Perceptions: A case study of Hazrat Data Ghanj Bakhsh’s shrine. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 4(1), 59–69. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7X10V
30. Fereday, J., & Muir-Cochrane, E. (2006). Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: A hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 5(1), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690600500107
31. Foruzan, I. (2014). The role of religious tourism in the development and growth of Urban Metropolis: (In the case of Mashhad, Iran). (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU)-Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi (DAÜ). [DOI (پایاننامه)]
32. Gardiner, S., & Scott, N. (2018). Destination Innovation Matrix: A framework for new tourism experience and market development. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 10, 122–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.08.001
33. Gil, A. R., & Curiel, J. D. (2008). Religious Events as Special Interest Tourism. A Spanish Experience. Pasos. Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 6(3), 419–433. [DOI یافت نشد]
34. Graham, B., & Murray, M. (1997). The Spiritual and the Profane: The Pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. Ecumene, 4(4), 389–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/1351034X9700400402
35. Griffin, K. A., & Raj, R. (2017). Editorial: The Importance of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage: Reflecting on definitions, motives and data. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 5(3), ii-ix. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7242Z
36. Hadiani, Z., Ahadnezhad, M., Kazemizad, Sh., & et al. (2012). Strategic Planning for Tourism Development by SWOT Method (Case Study: Shiraz City). Geography and Environmental Planning Journal, 74(3), 29–32.
37. Hataminezhad, H., Habibian, B., & Amirshekari, M. (2016). Prioritizing religious tourism development strategies in Dezful, Iran. Urban Tourism, 3(1), 59–76. [In Persian]
38. Heydari Chianeh, R., Chiappa, G. D., & Ghasemi, V. (2018). Cultural and religious tourism development in Iran: Prospects and challenges. Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 29(2), 204–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2018.1454506
39. Indrawati, N., Soetomo, S., Setioko, B., & et al. (2016). Edu-Religious Tourism Based on Islamic Architecture Approach, a Preliminary Research in Majasto Cemetery-Sukoharjo Regency Central Java. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,227, 656–663.
40. Io, M. U., & Hallo, L. (2012). A comparative study of tour guides’ interpretation: The case of Macao. Tourism Analysis, 17, 153–167.
41. Ismagilova, G., Safiullin, L., & Gafurov, I. (2015). Using historical heritage as a factor in tourism development. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 188, 157–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.355
42. Ismail, N., Masron, T., & Ahmad, A. (2014). Cultural Heritage Tourism in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges. SHS Web of Conferences, 12(01059), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20141201059
43. Istar, E. (2016). Health tourism in Turkey: A Study on Newspapers. International Journal of Health Management and Strategies Research, 1(3), 26–35.
44. Jackowski, A., & Smith, V. L. (1992). Polish pilgrim-tourists. Annals of Tourism Research,19(1), 92–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(92)90109-3
45. Kartal, B., Tepeci, M., & Atli, H. (2015). Examining the religious tourism potential of Manisa, Turkey with a marketing perspective. Tourism Review, 70(3), 214–231. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-09-2013-0048
46. Khadivar, A., Azar, A., & Mojibian, F. (2016). Pricing products in a double-layered supply chain through game theory in an intuitionistic fuzzy environment. Industrial Management Studies, 43, 1–21. [In Persian]
47. Kozak, M. (2004). Destination benchmarking: Concepts, practices and operations. CABI.
48. Kozak, M., & Buhalis, D. (2019). Cross–border tourism destination marketing: Prerequisites and critical success factors. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 14, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.100392
49. Liu, H. W., & Wang, G. J. (2007). Multi-criteria decision-making methods based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets. European Journal of Operational Research, 179, 220–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.04.009
50. Maguire, M., & Delahunt, B. (2017). Doing a Thematic Analysis: A Practical, Step-by-Step Guide for Learning and Teaching Scholars. The All Ireland Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (AISHE-J), 8(3), 3351–33514.
51. Mahmoodi, H., Ghasemi, M., & Shayan, H. (2015). Exploring the effects of religious tourism on economic development of rural accommodations: A case study of tourism penetration in Mashhad. Arid Areas Geographic Studies,5(20), 71–90. [In Persian]
52. Mahmoudifar, Y., Tabibi, S., Nasiripour, A. A., & et al. (2016). Factors Affecting Development of Medical Tourism Industry in West Azerbaijan Province of Iran. International Journal of Health Studies, 2(4), 25–31.
53. Maneenetr, T., & Tran, T. H. (2014). SWOT Analysis of Religious Tourism in Nong Khai Province, Thailand Proposed Guidelines to Incorporate Temple Stay Program. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(23), 696–701. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p696
54. McShea, L. B. (2010). Critical Success Factors for Cultural Heritage Tourism Operations. (Unpublished Master dissertation). University of Georgia, Athens.
55. Meyer, G. (2004). New Research Network for Islamic Tourism. Islamic Tourism, 11(42).
56. Miranda Lopez, R. F., Caisa Yucailla, E. D., Guamán Guevara, A. R., & et al. (2017). Strategic penetration system in the market for the tourism business sector. Global Advanced Research Journal of Management and Business Studies (GARJMBS), 6(4), 95–103.
57. Momeni, M., Sarafi, M., & Ghasemi Khoozani, M. (2008). The structure and function of religious-cultural tourism and the importance of integrated management in metropolitan Mashhad. Geography and Development Quarterly,6(11), 13–38. [In Persian]
58. Moraru, A. D. (2011). Development and diversification of services- an approach at tourism services level in Romanian. Annales Universitatis Apulensis Series Oeconomica, 13(1), 127–133.
59. Mousavi, M., Soltani, N., & Bagheri Kashkooli, A. (2014). Analyzing the role of religion in religious tourism development. Human Geography Research, 46(4), 825–841. [In Persian]
60. Muriuki, L. M., Bururia, D., & Mutegi, J. (2016). Determinants of religious tourism branding tactics in Kenya: A cross-sectional study. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 18(1), 1–14.
61. Nami, M. H., & Heidaripour, E. (2012). A new model for precisely calculating the area and length of Iran borders. Regional Geography Quarterly,2(2), 229–248. [In Persian]
62. Naumov, N. (2011). Religious tourism and perspectives for development in Sozopol, Bulgaria. Paper presented at the 2nd International Conference for PhD candidates on economic, management and tourism.
63. Nicula, V., & Elena, P. R. (2014). Business Tourism Market Developments. Procedia Economics and Finance, 16, 703–712. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00858-2
64. Nzonzo, J. C., & Chipfuva, T. (2013). Managing Talent in the Tourism and Hospitality Sector: A Conceptual View Point. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 3(2), 92–97.
65. Paskaleva-Shapira, K. A. (2007). New paradigms in city tourism management: Redefining destination promotion. Journal of Travel Research,46(1), 108–114. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287507302394
66. Raad, N. G. (2020). A Strategic Approach to Tourism Development Barriers in Iran. Journal of Tourism & Hospitality,8(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.35248/2167-0269.19.8.410
67. Rahmani, K., Pourtahery, M., & Roknadin Eftekhari, A. (2013). Strategic planning for religious tourism development in rural areas: A case study of Uraman Takht, Hajij and Najjar as villages with religious places.Spatial Planning, 17(1), 43–66. [In Persian]
68. Ravderad, A., & Hajimohammadi, A. (2010). Cognitive difference between ordinary tourism and virtual tourism based on narrative theory. Cultural Studies Quarterly, 3(2), 61–81. [In Persian]
69. Romero, I., Fernández-Serrano, J., & Cáceres-Carrasco, F. R. (2019). Tour operators and performance of SME hotels: Differences between hotels in coastal and inland areas. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 102348, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.102348
70. Rot, E., Mikinac, K., & Bogdan, S. (2014). General Characteristics of religious tourism in Croatia. UTMS Journal of Economics,5(1), 79–87.
71. Salimi Kouchi, H., Shafiei, Z., & Rajaei Rizi, M. A. (2024).Understanding the potentials of religious tourism in Ahvaz city using structural equation modeling. The First International Conference on Tourism Industry, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
72. Safaeipour, M., & Abayat, M. (2024). An analysis of the role of holy shrines in the development of religious tourism in Khuzestan Province. In International Conference on Architecture, Urban Planning, Art, Industrial Design, Construction, and Wisdom-Based Technology, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
73. Safaeipour, M., & Moradi, H. (2023). Identifying the key drivers affecting the future development of religious tourism in Mehran city. JFCV,4(3), 6. [In Persian]
74. Seyfi, S., & Hall, C. M. (2020). Political transitions and transition events in a tourism destination. International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(4), 493–506. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2351
75. Sharma, M., & Hazarika, D. D. (2017). Tourism Marketing in India: A Case Study. Pacific Business Review International,10(5), 83–91.
76. Sharply, R., & Deborah, J. (2011). Rural tourism: A spiritual experience? Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 52–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.05.002
77. Shinde, S. (2018). Governance and Management of Religious Tourism in India. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 6(1), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.21427/D7K42M
78. Sigala, M. (2008). A supply chain management approach for investigating the role of tour operators on sustainable tourism: The case of TUI. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16, 1589–1599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.02.026
79. Sigalat-Signes, E., Calvo-Palomares, R., Roig-Merino, B., & et al. (2019). Transition towards a tourist innovation model: The smart tourism destination Reality or territorial marketing? Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 5(2), 96–104.
80. Srinivasan, K. (2014). Tourism marketing: A service marketing perspective. Munich Personal RePEc Archive.
81. Suleiman, J. S. H., & Mohamed, B. (2011). Factors Impact on Religious Tourism Market: The Case of the Palestinian Territories. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(7), 254–260.
82. Taghvaei, M., Mousavi, S. A., & Gholami Bimorgh, Y. (2010). Analyzing religious tourism development: A case study of Noorabad Mamasani county. Geographic Space Quarterly, 10(31), 39–64. [In Persian]
83. Tepelus, C. (2005). Aiming for sustainability in the tour operating business. Journal of Cleaner Production, 13, 99–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.02.005
84. Tkaczynski, A., & Arli, D. (2018). Religious tourism and spiritual leadership development: Christian leadership conferences. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 35, 75–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2018.03.004
85. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2020). World Heritage List. Retrieved from https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/?order=country.
86. UNWTO. (2007). Tourism Highlights 2007 Edition. Retrieved from www.unwto.Comdasgupta,2007,66.
87. UNWTO. (2013). Why tourism? Retrieved from http://www2.unwto.org/en/content/why-tourism.
88. Vukonic, B. (1996). Tourism and Religion. Pergamon.
89. Wang, E., Little, B., & DelHomme, B. (2012). Factors contributing to tourists’ length of stay in Dalian northeastern China - A survival model analysis. Management Perspectives,4, 67–72.
90. Wang, K. C., Hsieh, A. T., & Chen, W. Y. (2002). Is the tour leader an effective endorser for group package tour brochures? Tourism Management, 23(5), 489–498. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(02)00004-3
91. Weidenfeld, A. (2013). Tourism and cross-border regional innovation systems. Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 191–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.01.007
92. Weiler, B., & Ham, S. H. (2002). Tour guide training: A model for sustainable capacity building in developing countries. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(1), 52–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580208667146
93. Wu, J., Huang, H. B., & Cao, Q. W. (2013). Research on AHP with interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets and its application in multi-criteria decision-making problems. Applied Mathematical Modelling,37, 9898–9906.
94. Wu, J. Z., & Zhang, Q. (2010). Multicriteria decision making method based on intuitionistic fuzzy weighted entropy. Expert Systems with Applications, 38(1), 916–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.07.086
95. Zadeh, L. A. (1965). Fuzzy sets. Information and Control,8(3), 338–353. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019-9958(65)90241-X
96. Zargham Borujeni, H., & Towhid Lu, M. (2010). Effective tourism management model: The case of Mashhad as a religious destination. Tourism Management Studies, 7(16), 127–148. [In Persian]
97. Zenker, S., & Bjorn, P. J. (2015). Inter-regional place branding: Best practices, challenges and solutions. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15329-2
98. Zhang, T., Kandampully, J., & Choi, H. (2014). The Role of Employee Wellness Program in the Hospitality Industry: A Review of Concepts, Research, and Practice. Research in Hospitality Management, 4(1-2), 1–10.
99. Ziyaei, M. (2004). The status of human resources and training in the tourism sector with a focus on Tehran Province. Tourism Studies, 6, 19–37. [In Persian]
100. Kazemiyeh,F. , abdi,S. and raheli,H. (2026). Evaluation of Destination Tourism Development in Sustainability Framework in West Azarbaijan Province of Iran. Geography and Human Relationships, 8(4), 236-254. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22034/gahr.2024.455560.2139
