Measuring and analyzing socio-cultural diversity in Iran’s provinces

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Cultural diversity is a manifestation of the beauties of creation, and a sign of God's revelations. Recently, a lot of studies have highlighted the role of cultural diversity in the economic and social developmental and creativity. Moreover, some organizations such as UNESCO, with the publication of the universal declaration of cultural diversity, and ISESCO by approving the Declaration of Islamic Cultural Diversity have emphasized on the central role of cultural diversity. Considering the central role of socio-cultural diversity, not only does this research develop a mechanism for measuring the socio-cultural diversity, but assess and analyze socio-cultural diversity in the provinces of Iran. The Shannon Diversity Index has been used for measuring socio-cultural diversity, and for spatial analysis the Spatial Autocorrelation, Moran’s I, Anselin Local Moran I and Hot Spot Analysis have been used in GIS. The finding showed that Iran’s provinces in terms of socio-cultural diversity are in five categories: very diverse, diverse, relatively diverse, low diversity and unmixed, so that provinces of Qom, Alborz and Tehran are in very diverse range, and provinces of Kurdistan, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan are in the unmixed range, and the rest of the provinces are in the other ranges. Also, the result of the spatial analysis of Moran’s I showed that the phenomenon of socio-cultural diversity is scattered across clusters that represent sub areas with high socio-cultural diversity. Furthermore, the results of Anslein Local Moran I indicated that the Alborz, Tehran, Qom and Isfahan provinces together form a high cluster (HH) in terms of socio-cultural diversity, that expresses in addition to their highest level of socio-cultural diversity, their neighbors are also in the same place as a high socio-cultural diversity. In contrast, East Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Kurdistan form a low cluster (LL).

Keywords

References

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History

  • Receive Date: 12 August 2018
  • Revise Date: 15 August 2018
  • Accept Date: 19 August 2018

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