تدوین استراتژی های اکوتوریسم روستایی در تالاب های حفاظت شده . مطالعه موردی تالاب حله ، ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه انرژی و محیط زیست ، دانشکده اقتصاد ، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی ، تهران ، ایران

چکیده

این مقاله با هدف ارزیابی وضعیت فعلی گردشگری در منطقه حفاظت شده تالاب حلله (منطقه واقع در جنوب ایران با وسعت 48940 هکتار) با هدف توسعه اکوتوریسم روستایی انجام شده است. برای برنامه ریزی و اجرای این روش ، از ابزارهای مختلف مدیریتی و تصمیم گیری مانند مصاحبه ، نظرسنجی پرسشنامه و تحلیل SWOT استفاده شد. یک سری مصاحبه به منظور تشخیص اقدامات انجام شده توسط نهادهای دولتی مسئول (به عنوان مثال ، وزارت محیط زیست) انجام شد. علاوه بر این ، بازدید کنندگان از تالاب برای ارزیابی میزان تحقق توسعه پایدار گردشگری در تالاب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ساکنان محلی نیز با استفاده از یک نظرسنجی برای آشکار کردن مشکلات و جاذبه های تالاب در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیتهای گردشگری موجود در تالاب مطابق با الزامات پایداری نیست. از این رو ، تجزیه و تحلیل SWOT برای شناسایی استراتژی های مدیریتی مورد نیاز برای تقویت گردشگری در تالاب و در نتیجه ارتقاء توسعه اقتصادی و اجتماعی جامعه انجام شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Developing Rural Ecotourism Strategies in Wetland Protected Areas. The case study of Helleh Wetland, Iran

نویسنده [English]

  • Shiva Soroushnia
Department of Energy and Environment, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This paper is focused on rural ecotourism development goal through evaluation of current condition of tourism in Helleh Wetland Protected Area (a region located in the south of Iran with an area of 48,940 ha). To plan and implement this, different management and decision making tools were utilized such as interviews, questionnaire surveys, and SWOT analysis. A series of interviews was conducted so as to recognize actions taken by governmental bodies responsible (e.g., Department of Environment). Furthermore, the visitors of the wetland were surveyed to evaluate the rate of fulfilment of sustainable tourism development in the wetland. Local residents were also taken into account by using a survey to reveal the problems and the attractions of the wetland. Results showed that the existing tourism activities in the wetland did not conform to sustainability requirements. Hence, a SWOT analysis was conducted to identify the required management strategies to enhance the tourism in the wetland and consequently promote socio-economic development of the community.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainability
  • Helleh Wetland
  • SWOT
  • Management
  • Ecotourism
Aghajani, S. (2014). Eco tourism sustainable development and its positive impacts on               urban and rural transformation (case study: Iran). Hannover, Germany: The ISSRM Conference.Blangy, S., & Mehta, H. (2006). Ecotourism and ecological restoration. Journal for Nature Conservation, 3–4(14), 233–236.
Badri, A., Rahmani, K. h., Sjasy Kedari, M., & Hassanpour, A. (2011). Strategies for         ecotourism development in Marivan. Journal of Rural Research, 2, 54-31 (In Persian).
Buta, R. (2007). The SWOT analysis in the geographical research, with applicability in the study of the human settlements from Moldova valley. Present Environment and Sustainable Development, 1, 239–248.
Ceballos-Lascurain, H. (1996). Tourism, Ecotourism and Protected Areas. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. The World Conservation Union.
Das, M., & Chatterjee, B. (2015). Ecotourism: A panacea or a predicament? Tourism Management Perspectives, 14, 3–16.
Das, S. (2011). Ecotourism, sustainable development and the Indian state. EPW, XLVI(37).
DOE (2011). Protected areas in Iran. available at: http://www.doe.ir/portal/Home/Default. aspx?CategoryID=194f31a0-4030-446f-8a8a-3b49774ba52d accessed Feb, 2011.
Ebrahimzadeh, A., & Agassizadeh, S. (2009). Analysis of the factors affecting tourism development in the coastal area of Chabahr using SWOT strategy. Urban and Regional Studies and Research Journal, 1, 128-107.
Environmental Protection Organization of Iran (2004) Environmental Protection Organization of Iran, studies of management plan for Helleh protected Area, 2004
Harfst, J., Wirth, P., Lintz, G., & Bieberstein, C. (2010). Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of European mining regions (SWOT Report I) (pp. 103). Germany, Dresden: Leibniz Institute of Ecological and Regional Development (IOER).
Jalani, J. O. (2012). Local people's perception on the impacts and importance of ecotourism in Sabang, Palawan, Philippines. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 57(9), 247–254.
Kinnear, T., & Taylor, J. M. H. (1995). Marketing research, an applied approach. New York: McGraw Hill Higher Education.
Lee, C., & Han, S. (2002). Estimating the use and preservation values of national parks tourism resources using a contingent valuation method. Tourism Management, 23, 531–540.
Monavari, M., Karbasi, A., & Mogooee, R. (2007). Environmental strategic management. Tehran: Kavoush Qalam, Iran.
Moosavi, S. J., Safania, A. M., & Gholami, S. (2013). Feasibility athletic abilities nature (ecotourism, sports) West Mazandaran using SWOT analysis.  International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences, 5(10), 1238–1244.
NOAA. (2011). Assessment for sustainable tourism. Retrieved from: http://sanctuaries.noaa.gov/management/international/pdfs/day2_assessment_manual.pdf (accessed Nov, 2011)
Rastogi, A., Badola, R., Hussain, S., & Hickey, G. (2010). Assessing the utility of stakeholder analysis to protected areas management: the case of Corbett National Park, India. Biological Conservation, 143, 2956–2964.
Samadzadeh, B., Bigdeli, A., & Fathi, B. (2010). Analysis techniques the ecotourism power of khalkhal Hshjyn using SWOT. Geographical landscape Journal, 12, 60-40 (In Persian)
Sayyed, M. R. G., Mansoori, M. S., & Jaybhaye, R. G. (2013). SWOT analysis of Tandooreh National Park (NE Iran) for sustainable ecotourism. Proceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 3(4), 296–305.
Schmoldt, D., Kangas, J., Mendoza, G., & Pesonen, M. (2001). The analytic hierarchy process in natural resource and environmental decision making. The Netherlands: Springer.
Surendran, A., & Sekhar, C. (2011). A comparative analysis on the socio-economic welfare of dependents of the Anamalai Tiger Reserve (ATR) in India. Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, 5(3), 361–379.
Taghvaei, M., Taghizadeh,M. M., & Kiomarsi, H. (2011). Mapping tourist villages using GIS and SWOT analysis. (case study: Shore Kaftar Lake). Journal of Geography and Environmental Planning, 42, 120–199 (In Persian).