Today, achieving balance and justice in achieving development indicators, especially at the regional level, is considered one of the fundamental challenges on the path to achieving sustainable development in developing countries, including Iran. This requires adherence to the defined principles of sustainable development, adopting fair policies, and optimal distribution of resources to achieve balance and sustainability in the development process to reduce structural inequalities. This study aims to investigate the spatial-temporal changes in development indicators in Iran from 2006 to 2022, using a descriptive-analytical method within the framework of quantitative methodology and using data from the Statistical Center of Iran. The indicators under study have been analyzed in the dimensions of population, education, economy, society, infrastructure, and health and treatment at the national and provincial levels. Spatial statistics techniques have been used in the Arcmap software environment to analyze the data. The results show that at the national level, in general, population, education, infrastructure, and health and treatment indicators have had positive changes, while economic and social indicators have faced challenges such as a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in the divorce rate, and income inequality. At the provincial level, spatial and regional inequalities in access to facilities and services remain significant. This research emphasizes the necessity of regional planning and equitable distribution of resources to reduce inequalities and achieve sustainable development.