The concept of rentier state is used for governments that earn about half of their income from the sale of natural resources. The main goal of this article is to adapt the conditions of Iran to the concept of rentier state in the years 1390-1400 and its impact on the economic security of this country. the research hypothesis is that it seems that the conditions in Iran during the aforementioned period were consistent with the concept of a rentier state and its characteristics, and this situation has led to a threat to Iran's economic security. this article has examined this issue using a descriptive-analytical method and library and internet resources. the results show that more than 50 percent of the country's revenues in this decade were obtained from the sale of oil and gas, and tax revenues comprise a smaller share of the country's budget than oil revenues. therefore, the government in Iran in the 2010s is characterized by a rentier government. Budget deficit, the creation of Dutch disease in the economy, lack of attention to regulation and lack of adherence to it, and an increase in the Gini coefficient or inequality in income distribution have been the most important effects of the rentier government on economic security in Iran.