جغرافیا و روابط انسانی

جغرافیا و روابط انسانی

تحلیل تطبیقی نظام‌های ارزیابی ساختمان سبز در خاورمیانه: چالش‌ها و راهکارهای ارتقاء عملکرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران
2 مهندسی معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
10.22034/gahr.2025.556794.2618
چکیده
رشد سریع جمعیت شهری و افزایش مصرف انرژی، صنعت ساختمان را به یکی از اصلی‌ترین عوامل فشار بر محیط‌زیست و تغییرات اقلیمی تبدیل کرده است. در پاسخ به این چالش، مفهوم ساختمان سبز و نظام‌های ارزیابی مرتبط نظیر LEED و BREEAM در سطح جهانی مطرح شده‌اند. هرچند، در کشورهای خاورمیانه به‌دلیل شرایط اقلیمی گرم و خشک، محدودیت منابع و ساختارهای نهادی خاص، این نظام‌ها کارایی لازم را ندارند و با شکاف میان طراحی و عملکرد واقعی مواجه‌اند. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل تطبیقی نظام‌های ارزیابی ساختمان سبز در کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه و ایران است. در این راستا، شناسایی ساختار و شاخص‌های کلیدی نظام‌های بین‌المللی، مقایسه تطبیقی از نظر انطباق با اقلیم و فرهنگ منطقه و شناسایی چالش‌های نهادی، فنی و اجرایی می‌باشد. روش پژوهش در نهایت کیفی ـ تحلیلی و مبتنی بر مرور تطبیقی است؛ مروری نظام‌مند بر منابع علمی و گزارش‌ها در پایگاه‌هایی چون Scopus، Web of Science، ScienceDirect، SpringerLink و پایگاه‌های داخلی (SID، IranDoc) انجام شد (پوشش زمانی: ۲۰۰۵–۲۰۲۴). فرایند غربالگری دو مرحله‌ای اجرا و داده‌های استخراجی بر اساس سال نشر، نوع نظام، محورهای مورد بررسی و غیره در جداول فراوانی ارائه و تحلیل گردید. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد اگر نظام‌های بین‌المللی بدون در نظر گرفتن ویژگی‌های محلی به کار گرفته شوند، کارایی آن‌ها در تحقق پایداری کاهش می‌یابد.؛ ضعف نظارت، کمبود داده‌های عملکردی، نبود نهادهای گواهی‌دهنده مستقل و فقدان مشوق‌های اقتصادی از مهم‌ترین موانع شناسایی‌شده‌اند. در مقابل، تجربه‌هایی مانند LGBC در دبی و SAB در عربستان ظرفیت‌هایی برای بومی‌سازی فراهم ساخته‌اند. در نهایت، مدل پیشنهادی MENA–GBRS با سه لایه شاخص‌های پایه، عملکردی و نوآورانه و با بهره‌گیری از فناوری‌هایی مانند BIM، IoT و هوش مصنوعی معرفی شده که می‌تواند زمینه‌ساز ارتقای نظام‌های ارزیابی در منطقه باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Comparative Analysis of Green Building Rating Systems in the Middle East: Challenges and Strategies for Performance Improvement

نویسندگان English

Hosna sadat Shams Dolatabadi 1
Homayoun Fahimifam 2
1 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The rapid growth of urban populations and the rise in energy consumption have made the building industry one of the main contributors to environmental stress and climate change. In response, the concept of green buildings and associated assessment systems such as LEED and BREEAM have emerged globally. However, in Middle Eastern countries, due to hot and arid climatic conditions, limited resources, and specific institutional structures, these systems often lack efficiency and face a persistent gap between design intent and actual performance. The main objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis and localization of green building assessment systems in selected Middle Eastern countries. The secondary objectives include: (1) identifying the structure and key indicators of international systems, (2) examining localized frameworks in the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Lebanon, (3) comparing them in terms of adaptation to regional climate and culture, and (4) identifying institutional, technical, and operational challenges. The research employs a qualitative–analytical and comparative review method. A systematic review of scientific sources and reports was carried out using databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, and national databases (SID, IranDoc) covering 2005–2024. A two-stage screening process was applied, and the extracted data—categorized by publication year, system type, thematic focus, and other criteria—were analyzed through frequency tables. Findings indicate that international systems, when applied without redesigning to fit local conditions, demonstrate limited effectiveness. Weak supervision, insufficient post-occupancy data, lack of independent certification bodies, and absence of economic incentives are among key challenges. Conversely, regional experiences such as LGBC in Dubai and SAB in Saudi Arabia show potential for contextual adaptation. Finally, the proposed MENA–GBRS model, structured in three layers—basic, performance, and innovative indicators—and incorporating technologies such as BIM, IoT, and artificial intelligence, offers a framework for enhancing evaluation systems and fostering regional integration.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Green building
sustainability
rating system
localization
Middle East
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  • تاریخ دریافت 10 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 06 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 09 دی 1404