This study investigates the spatial distribution and impact of atmospheric elements including temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity in northeastern Iran. The main objective of the study is to understand the spatial differences of these elements and examine the climatic patterns governing the region. Due to the geographical and climatic diversity of northeastern Iran, a precise understanding of the state of atmospheric elements can play an important role in analyzing environmental conditions and regional planning. To conduct this research, climatic data from 13 meteorological stations in northeastern Iran were used, and indicators of temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity were analyzed. The results showed that atmospheric elements in this region are not uniformly distributed and are influenced by factors such as altitude, latitude, geographical location, and local conditions. In the temperature component, a significant difference was observed among the stations; stations such as Tabas had higher temperatures, while stations such as Quchan had lower temperatures. In the precipitation component, the spatial distribution was also heterogeneous, with northern stations showing more precipitation than hotter and drier areas. Furthermore, relative humidity, as one of the important climatic elements, played an effective role in determining the environmental conditions of the region and the climatic differences among stations. Overall, the results of this study indicate that understanding the distribution of atmospheric elements can be very useful in agricultural planning, water resource management, and climatic studies of the region, and can pave the way for more precise decision-making at the regional level.