ارزیابی ارتقا سلامت روان در فضاهای رهاشده ی شهری با محوریت شکل گیری شهر سالم مطالعه موردی : شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 1- استادیارگروه شهرسازی ، دانشکده هنر و معماری ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد ، مشهد ، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای شهرسازی ،گروه شهرسازی ، دانشکده هنر و معماری ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، مشهد ، ایران

چکیده

یکی از محورهای ارزیابی سلامت جوامع مختلف، بهداشت روان آن جامعه است. بی شک سلامت ِ روان، نقش مهمی در تضمین پویایی وکار آمدی هر جامعه ایفا می کند. با شکل گیری فضاهای رها شده ی شهری در واقع نوعی زوال درون شهری بوجود می آید و مقارن است با رشد گسترش شهر در نواحی حاشیه ای ، عدم توجه به این موضوع می تواند بیش از پیش پراکنده رویی شهری را افزایش داده و روند توسعه شهر را ناپایدار سازند و سلامت روان جامعه را در یادگیری و تعاملات اجتماعی به خطر اندازد و عملکرد و بازدهی افراد تحت تأثیر قرار می گیرد. تحقیق حاضر از نوع تحقیقات کیفی بوده و روش تحقیق مورد استفاده توصیفی- تحلیلی می باشد. با توجه به موضوع مورد بررسی جمع آوری اطلاعات به دو شیوه اسنادی و پیمایشی بوده است، به این صورت که مبانی نظری، شاخص های بررسی شده و داده های سرشماری به صورت اسنادی و کتابخانه ای جمع آوری شده است و به منظور بررسی شاخص ها در کلانشهر مشهد، داده های مورد نیاز از شیوه های پیمایش میدانی شامل برداشت میدانی، مصاحبه با شهروندان گردآوری شده است برای .ارزیابی از روش HIA بهره گرفته شده است نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد : سیاست HIA لازم به توضیح است که با اینکه اغلب ارزیابی اثرات سلامت در سطح پروژه ها انجام می شود، سیاست های کلی تر از قبیل استخدام، تجارت، آموزش و سیاست های استراتژیک طراحی مکانی برای ارزیابی اثرات سلامت روان می تواند استفاده شود. هدف سیاست های ارزیابی اثرات سلامت از طرف دیگر، جلو گیری از آسیب های اجتماعی و افزایش فرصت هایی برای بهبود سلامتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of Mental Health Promotion in Abandoned Urban Areas Focusing on the Formation of a Healthy City Case Study: Mashhad City

نویسندگان [English]

  • sanaz saeidi 1
  • amir golrou 2
1 phd
2 amir
چکیده [English]

One of the pillars of health assessment of various communities is the mental health of that community. Undoubtedly mental health plays an important role in ensuring the dynamics and efficiency of each community. With the formation of urban abandoned spaces, there is actually a kind of inner-city decline, which coincides with the growth of the city's expansion in marginal areas, the lack of attention to this issue can increase the more dispersed urban prevalence and increase the urban development process Unstable, and endangers the mental health of the community in learning and social interactions, and affects the performance and efficiency of individuals. The present research is a qualitative research method and the research method is descriptive-analytic. Regarding the subject, data collection has been conducted in two documentary and survey methods, in which the theoretical foundations, survey indicators and census data were collected in documentary and libraries, and in order to examine the indicators in Mashhad metropolitan area, the required data are collected from field surveying techniques including field surveys, interviews with citizens. An evaluation of the HIA method has been used. The results of the research show that HIA policy needs to be explained that, although the impact assessment is often Health is done at the project level, with more general policies such as employment, trade, education and policies Design's strategic location can be used to assess the effects of mental health. The goal of health impact assessment policies on the other hand is to prevent social harm and increase opportunities for improving health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • HIA
  • Abandoned Urban Spaces
  • Healthy City
  • Mental Health
  • Mashhad City

مراجع

  1. فرهادی ، رودابه ، (1389)، ارزیابی مشارکت مردم در پروژه شهر سالم کوی سیزده آبان ، فصلنامه جغرافیا علمی –پژوهشی انجمن جغرافیای ایران ، دوره جدید ، سال هشتم ، شماره 27 ، زمستان .
  2. لطفی ، صدیقه ، مهدی ، علی ، محدیان بهتمیری ، معصومه ، (1391)، ارزیابی شاخص های شهر سالم در منطقه دو شهر قم ، مجله علمی پژوهشی مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی فرهنگی .
  3. رحیمی ، محمد، پازند ، فاطمه ،(1396)، تحلیل وارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری با رویکرد شهر سالم مطالعه موردی : شهر کرمان ، فصلنامه برنامه ریزی منطقه ای دانشگاه آزاد مرودشت ، سال هفتم . شماره 25.
  4. سعادت شورک حاجی ، سیما ، (1396)، ارزیابی برنامه های توسعه شهری با تأکید بر انگاشت شهر سالم با استفاده از روش ارزیابی اثر سلامت نمونه مطالعاتی طرح تفصیلی منطقه 20 تهران ، استاد راهنما : دکتر محمدحسین شریف زادگان ، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی ، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران ، ایران.
    1. Azadi M, (2008). Planning Healthy City Esfaraien, Graduate thesis Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, University of Yazd, Iran. (In Persian)
    2. . Ahmadi H, (2007). Roots of Creating Healthy City concept, City Development Research Journal, No 6 & 7, p. 15. (In Persian)
    3. . Arjmandniya A, (2001). Eco-city, The crystallization of sustainable urban, No 4, pp. 26-33. (In Persian)
    4. . Barton H, & Tesoro K, (2011). Planning Healthy City, Translator: Mitra Attariyan, Research Planning city Center, Tehran. (In Persian)
    5. Bahreini H, (2009). Modernity, Post modernity and then in Urban Planning, Third edition, Tehran: Institute of Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
    6. . Choay F, (2008). Urban imagination and realities, Translator: Mohsen Habibi, Tehran University Press. (In Persian)
    7. . Ebadi J, (2000). Organizing old texture the Shahr-e-Ray to create a healthy city, MA thesis, Faculty of Geography, Tehran University. (In Persian)
    8. Ghadami M, Divansalar A, & GHolamiyan M, (2011). A Comparative Study of Healthy Cities indicators in national and global scale (case study: urban areas of Iran and developed countries), Proceedings of International Congress Fourth geographers Muslim world, Zahedan. (In Persian)
    9. Ghorbani R, & Noshad S, (2009). Smart growth strategy in urban development; principles and practices, Journal of Geography and Development, NO 12, pp. 163-180. (In Persian)
    10. Hajikhani GH, & Salehi E, (1994),. Criteria for the idea of a healthy city planning, Department urbanism master's thesis, Faculty of Finearts, Tehran University. (In Persian)
    11. Kiyali H, (2003). Evaluation of Healthy Cities approach (Case Study: SHahr_e_Rey), MA thesis Urbanism, Urban and Regional Planning, School of Architecture & Urbanism, University Shahid Beheshti. (In Persian)
    12. Laghaey H.A, Habib F., (1997). Healthy city, Journal of Housing and Rural Environment, NO 71 & 72, pp.3-11. (In Persian)
    13. Lotfi S, Mehdi A, & Mahdian Bahmanmiri M., (2014). Evaluation of Healthy Cities indicators in the zone Two of Qom city, Quarterly Journal of Socio - Cultural Development Studies, year 1, NO 2, pp. 76-99. (In Persian)
    14. Nikpey V, & Hatami nezhad H., (2011). Evaluation of Indices sustainable (Healthy City) in the neighborhood Qasmabad Yazd, National Conference Healthy City, Sabzevar. (In Persian)
    15. Masumi A, (1997). Tehran healthy city project evaluation (Koi 13 Aban), MA thesis, Faculty of Environment, Tehran University. (In Persian)
    16. Pag, C, (2005). Sustainable cities in developing countries, Translator: Nasser Mahramnezhad and neshat Hadadtehrani, Center for the Study and Research of Architecture. Department of Housing and Urban Development, Tehran. (In Persian)
    17. Parhizkar A, Hafezniya M.R, Taherkhani M., & Farhadi R., (2008). "Healthy City Project Evaluation (Case Study: Koi 13 Aban), Journal of Human Sciences, No. 15, pp. 11-23. (In Persian)
    18. Shateriyan M, Eshnavi A, & Ganji pour M, (2013). Spatial analysis method and the amount of leisure time (Case study new and old tissue of Kashan), Journal of Development Studies, socio-cultural, Volume 1, Number 1, pp. 142-166. (In Persian)
    19. Tabibiyan M, (1998). Evaluation of Healthy City project in Iran (Case Study: Koi 13 Aban), Journal of Environmental Studies, No. 20, pp. 47-61. (In Persian)
    20. Zarabi A, Moghadam M, Kanaani M.R, (2013). Evaluation of urban settlements in the province by a healthy city approach, Scientific Journal Social Welfare Quarterly, year 12, No 47, pp: 131-151. (In Persian)
    21. Ziyari K, & Janbabanezhad M.H, (2013). Principles and criteria of the Healthy City, sepehr, course 21, number 82, pp. 50-56. (In Persian)
    22. Ashton.John. (1988). Healthy cities, Concepts & Vision. University of Liverpool
    23. De Leeuw, E. (1998). Sense and Nonsense in Healthy City Evaluation. Paper Presented at the International Conference on Healthy Cities, Athens, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on Healthy Cities, University of Maastricht, and Maastrich
    24. Dooris, M. (1999), Healthy cities and local Agenda 21: The UK experience – challenges for the new millennium, Health Promotion International, Oxford University, Vol 14, No4: pp365- 375. 29. Edris, A. (2003). Promoting Quality of life through participation in healthy cities programmed. Pertanikaj. Soc. Sci & Hum, P 166.
    25. Goldstein.(2000), Healthy Cities : Overview of a WHO international program. Rev. Environ Health, 15(1-2): 207-14.
    26. Hancock, T & Duhl, L. (1986). Healthy Cities: Promoting Health in the Urban Context. Copenhagen, Denmark: FADL Publishers, Word Health Organization Healthy Cities Paper No.1.
    27. Harpham.Trudy, Burton Salma, Blue Ilona (2001), Healthy City Projects in Developing Countries: the First Evaluation, South Bank University, London SW8 2JZ, UK.
    28. Lawrence, R. & Fudge, C. (2009), Healthy Cities in global and regional context. Health Promotion International. 15
    29. Leeuw, E. (2009). Evidence for healthy cities: reflection on practice, method and theory, Health Promotion International. P1.
    30. Tsouros, A.D. (1995), The WHO Healthy Cities Project: State of the art and future plans, Health Promotion International Journal, Vol 10, No 2: pp133-141
    31. W.H.O. Twenty Steps for Developing a Healthy Cities Project, Regional Office of Europe. Copenhagen, 1992.
    32. Yanhua Z, Song H, Hongyan L, Beibei N. Global Environmental Impact Assessment Research Trends (1973-2009). Procedia Environmental Sciences.11, Part C(O):
    33. Zhao Y, Xing W, Lu W, Zhang X, Christensen TH. Environmental impact assessment of the incineration of municipal solid waste with auxiliary coal in China. Waste Management.32(10):1989-98
    34. Zhong S, Zhou L, Wang Z. Software for Environmental Impact Assessment of Air Pollution Dispersion Based on ArcGIS. Procedia Environmental Sciences.10 ,Part C(0):2792-7.
    35. Clausen A, Vu HH, Pedrono M. An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment system in Vietnam: The gap between theory and practice. Environmental Impact Assessment Review.31(2):136-43.
    36. Toro J, Duarte O, Requena I, Zamorano M .Determining Vulnerability Importance in

Environmental Impact Assessment: The case of Colombia. Environmental Impact Assessment Review.32(1):107-17

  1. Toro J, Requena I, Zamorano M. Environmental impact assessment in Colombia: Critical analysis and proposals for improvement. Environmental Impact Assessment Review.30(4):247-61.
  2. O'Mullane M, Quinlivan A. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) in Ireland and the role of local government. Environmental Impact Assessment Review.32(1):181-6
  3. Haigh F, Harris P, Haigh N. Health impact assessment research and practice: A place for paradigm positioning? Environmental Impact Assessment Review.33(1):66-72.
  4. Lai HK, Tsang H, Chau J, Lee CH, McGhee SM, Hedley AJ, et al. Health impact

assessment of marine emissions in Pearl River Delta region. Marine Pollution Bulletin. Bos R. Health impact assessment and health promotion. Bull World Health Organ2006;84:914-5.

  1. World Health Organization. Jakarta Declaration on Health Promotion into the 21st

Century. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 1997.

  1. Dannenberg AL, Bhatia R, Cole BL, Heaton SK, Feldman JD, Rutt CD. Use of Health

Impact Assessment in the U.S: 27 Case Studies, 1999–2007. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2008;34(3):241-56

  1. World Health Organization (1999) Health Impact Assessment: main concepts and

suggested approach. Gothenburg consensus paper. Brussels: WHO European Centre for Health Policy. http://www.who.dk/hs/echp/attach/gothenburg.doc

  1. winters L. Health Impact Assessment: a literature review Liverpool. Liverpool Public
  2. Health Observatory. 1997;Report Series No.36.
  3. Burney P. Evaluating Health impact Assessments. In Department of Health Health Impact Assessment: report of a methodological seminar London. 1999;Department of Health 34-38
  4. Scottish Needs Assessment Programme(2000)Health Impact Assessment: piloting the process in Scotland Glasgow. Scottish Needs Assessment Programme
  5. Milners SJ. The Health Impact Assessment of Non-Health Public Policy. In Department of Health Health Impact Assessment: report of a methodological seminar London. 1999;Department of Health39-55.
  6. World Health Organization (1999) Health 21 – health for all in the 21st century. The health for all policy framework for the WHO European Region, European Health for All Series No. Copenhagen: World Health Organization
  7. National Assembly for Wales (1999) Developing health impact assessment in Wales. Cardiff: The National Assembly for Wales
  8. Barnes,R. and Scott-Samuel,A. (200 (0Health Impact Assessment: a ten minute guide
  9. Liverpool: International Centre for Health Impact Assessment at the University of Liverpool(web site www.ihia.org.uk.)
  10. Kemm,J.R. (2000) Can Health Impact Assessment fulfil the expectations it raises?Public Health 114 431-433.
  11. Kemm J, Parry J, Palmer S, Health impact assessment: concepts, theory,techniques, and applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004

 

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 مرداد 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 01 آبان 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار